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2 Sheets-Sheet 21.

(No Model.)

No. 565,728. Patented Aug. 11,1896.

S14-Damm the releasing means.

JOHN M. FAIRFIELD, AOF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE AMERICAN VRITING MACHINE COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 565,728, dated August l1, 1896. Application iiled April 1l, 1892. Serial No. 428,538. (No model.)` Patented in England May 26, 1892,1To. 9,994.

To all whom, t may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN M. FAIRFIELD, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Type-Writing Machines, of which the following is a specication. l i

British Patent No. 9,994, dated May 26, 1892, has been obtained for this invention.

My invention has for its main object to provide simple and effective means for separating the escapement devices which control the movements of carriages of type-writing machines in order to release the carriage for rapid movements in either direction.

My invention consists in various features of construction and combinations of devices, as hereinafter more fully described, and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a top view of so much of a type-writing machine as is necessary to illustrate my invention. Fig. 2 is a rear elevation of the same with the feeding devices in their normal `positions. Fig. 3 is a partial rear elevation y showing the releasing mechanism in action.

Fig. A is a partial rear elevation showing a variation in the construction of the releasing means. Fig. 5 is a rear elevation showing still another variation in the construction of Fig. 6 isavertical crosssection taken at the line a; x of Fig. 5, and Fig. 7 is a horizontal section taken at the line y y of Fig. 5.

In the several views the same part will be r found designated by the same numeral of reference.

The type-writing machine represented in part will be recognized by those skilled in the art as that known as the calligraph,j to` which description of machines l have applied my improvements in practice. known, the escapement mechanism of the calligraph consists of two feed-racks upon the paper-carriage, one rigid and the other` movable, and one feed-dog capable of vibration in the machine-framework and of coperatin g i with both said racks to edect a step-by-step 5o feed of the paper-carriage.

In the paper-carriage 1 is mounted the usual As is well4 cylindrical platen 2, its shaft or axle 3 being arranged to turn in bearings in the side bars of the carriage. Connected to the back rod 4 of the paper-carri age is a yoke 5, which travels upon and is guided by a rail 6, mounted in standards 7 at each end of the top plate (not shown) of the machine. The said yoke is bifurcated at each end to embrace a parallel rod 3, mounted at its ends in said standards, said rod being provided to prevent the said yoke from swinging about or turning upon the guide-rail 6. To the ends of said yoke is attached rigidly by screws 9 a feedrack 10, from which project rearwardly three studs `11, each of which is reduced in diameter to form a short projection 12, which serves as a stop for a movable rack 13, which is formed or provided at points opposite said projections 12 with elongated openings or slots 14,which embrace said projections. The rack 13 is connected to the rack 10 by screws l5, which pass into threaded perforations in the projections 12.

16 16 represent two coiled springs, one end of each of which is connected to the rack 13 and the other to the rack 10, and the said springs have a tendency Ato keep the rack 13 down and to move the same toward the left.

17 represents a feed-dog which is mounted on a spacing-rocker 18, connected, as usual in the calligraph, back to the finger-keys.

On theiiXed feed-rack 10 is a rearwardlyprojecting lug 19, and on the movable rack 13 is an adjustable stop 20, both said devices being employed to regulate or limit the movements of the rack 13 toward the left under the iniiuence of the springs 16.

The dog 17, in the normal condition of the machine, stands in engagement with the feed- IOO springs 1G one notch or tooth to the left (considered from the front ot' the machine) or until the stop 20 strikes the lug 19. At the completion of this movement of the feed-rack the projections 12 stand at or near the right-hand ends of the slots 14. Upon releasement of the finger-key the feed-dog 17 is moved back into engagement with the sliding feed-rack 13 and the carriage is permitted to move a letter-space distance under the influence of the driving power, the carriage being connected to such power through the usual arm 21 and link 22. (Shown only in part.) During the travel of the carriage the projections 12 move from the right-hand to the left-hand ends of the slots or openings 14, the rack 13' at this time being held stationary by the dog 17.

As in the normal condition of the machine the feed-dog 17 stands in engagement with the rack 13, I have so constructed said rack that it is capable of being slid up verticallyin order to disengage it from the feed-dog 17, and thus release the paper-carriage for rapid movements. This lifting capacity of the feedrack is elfected by increasing the width of the openings or slots 14, which surround the pins or projections 12. By this construction it will be seen that the rack 13 may not only be moved endwise, but maybe moved vertically or widthwise a distance sufcient to cause its teeth to stand above the plane of the feed-dog 17, as represented at Fig. 3, in which condition of the parts the paper-carriage may be allowed to run quickly toward the left of the machine under the influence of the carriage-driving power or may be returned or run toward the right rapidly under the pull or pressure of the hand of the operator.

Various means may be employed for conveniently lifting the rack 13 from its engagement with the feed-dog, and in the several views I have shown three ways in which this may be accomplished.

Referring to Figs. 1, 2, and 3, 23 designates a cord or chain, one end of which is connected at or near the center of the feed-rack 13, and the other end of which is connected to a lever 24, pivoted at 25 on the rigid feedrack 10. The said cord or chain passes over agrooved pulley or wheel 26, supported by the rigid rack 10, to change the direction of the cord or chain and' permit it to pull in a substantially vertical direction upon an outward and downward movement of the lever 24, which is provided preferably with a bent finger-piece 27. Vhen said lever is actuated as represented at Fg. 3, it operates, through the means described, to lift the rack 13 from engagement with the feed-dog. Upon releasement of said lever the springs 1G act to cause said feed-rack to descend, rengage with said dog, and restore the lever to its normal position, there being provided preferably a stop 28 on the rack 10 to limit the return movement of said lever.

Referring to Fig. 4, it will be observed that in place of the grooved wheel a bell-crank 29 is employed, and in lieu of aiieXible connection a rigid rod 30 is substituted. The bellcrank is pivoted at 31 on the rack 10 and is provided with a pin 32, which projects rearwardly to enter a slot 33 in the feed-rack 13.

The rod 30 is connected at one end to the upper arm of the bell-crank at 34, and said rod is connected at 4its opposite end at 35 to the actuating-lever 24. The operation of this construction will be readily understood, and it is only necessary to state that upon a movement of the actuating-lever in the direction of the arrow the pin 33 on the bell-crank will act to lift the feed-rack 13 out of engagement with the feed-dog and upon releasement of said lever that the springs 16 will operate to return all of the parts to their ii'rst positions.

In Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4 the finger-piece of the release-key is arranged to terminate in rear of the hinge-line of the paper-carriage, which is an advantage; but if desired the release-key may be extended in front of said line to or past the platen.

Referring to Figs. 5 and 6, a construction is shown in which the release-key or lever 24 is horizontally arranged and extended out past the platen to the front edge of the papercarriage. The said lever is provided with a bearing 3G, which surrounds the left-hand end of the platen-axle 3, and said lever, at its rearmost end, is bent to pass over the rear rod 4 of the paper-carriage and to stand beneath a forwardly-projecting pin 37 on a vertical slide 33, which is guided in a groove formed by the end of the rack-bar 10 and a plate 39, secured thereto. Near the lower end of said slide is provided a rearwardly-projecting pin 40, whichis embraced by a slot 41 on the horizontal arm of a bell-crank 42, pivoted at 43 on the rack-bar 10. To the upper end of the vertical arm of the bell-crank is connected one end of a cord or chain 23, the other end of which, after passing around a pulley 26, is connected to the feed-rack 13. By this construction and arrangement when the outer end of the lever 24 is depressed the slide is raised, the bell-crank vibrated, and the feedrack 13 lifted from engagement with the feeddog, and upon releasement of said lever the springs 16 return all of the parts to their first positions, as before. In this construction when the carriage is turned up to a vertical position for inspection or correction of the work the rear bent end of the lever 24 recedes from the pin 37, the edge of the rackbar 10 being beveled at 44 to permit the end of the lever to pass down.

Various changes may be made in the means for lifting the spring-actuated independentlymovable feed-rack without departing from the spirit of the main features of my improvements.

Vhat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1.. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a paper-carriage, of a feed-dog, and

IIO

a pair of feed-racks, one of which has an independent endwise movement and also an independent lifting movement.

2. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a paper-carriage, of a feed-dog, a pair of feed-racks, one of which is capable of an independent longitudinal movement, and also capable of an upward lifting movement, and one or more springs formoving said rack longitudinally and for moving said rack downwardly.

3. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a paper-carriage, of a feed-dog, a pair of feed-racks, one of which is provided or formed with one or more slots or openings to enable it to have an independent longitudinal movement and also a transverse movement, and a spring or springs for moving it V downwardly.

4.. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a paper-carriage, of a feed-dog, a pair of feed-racks, one of which is capable of an independent longitudinal movement, means for lifting said rack in a direction transverse to that of its longitudinal movement and one or more springs for returning it to its normal position.

5. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a paper-carriage, of a feed-dog, a rigid rack, a spring-actuated feed-rack independently movable in the direction of its length, and also in the direction of its width, and means comprising a key and a spring for moving said rack in the last-mentioned direction.

6. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a paper-carriage, of a feed-dog, a

fixed feed-rack provided with projections, and a spring-actuated independently-movable feed-rack provided with slots -or openings of a width or size sufficient to enable the said rack to be lifted from engagement with the feed-dog and to also feed longitudinally.

7. In a type-writing machine, the combina- JLion with a paper-carriage, of a feed-dog, a feed-rack, an independent, longitudinally and transversely movable feed-rack, a release-key, connections between said key and said rack whereby the latter may be raised from engagement with the feed-dog, and a spring for moving the said rack downwardly.

8. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a paper-carriage, of a feed-dog, a fixed feed-rack, an independent longitudinally and transversely movable feed-rack, a release-key, a slide, a bent lever, a flexible connection, and a pulley.

9. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a paper-carriage, of a feed-dog, a fixed feed-rack provided with one or more projections, a spring-actuated independentlymovable feed-rack formed or provided with one or more enlarged slots or openings embracing said projections, a key-lever, a slide, a bent lever, a flexible connection, and a pulley.

Signed at Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, this 7th day of April, A. D. 1892.

JOI-IN M. FAIRFIELD.

lVitnesses:

HARRY M. HEFF'LON, ARTHUR H. CnrrnNniN. 

